Itsinda ry’imiryango iyobowe n’umuryango w’abongereza Geriatrics (BGS) ryatangije ubukangurambaga muri uku kwezi kugira ngo abantu batishoboye mu ngo zita ku barwayi no mu bitaro bashobora gukoresha umusarani mu mwiherero.Ubukangurambaga bwiswe 'Inyuma y’imiryango ifunze', bukubiyemo igitabo cyiza cy’imyitozo gikubiyemo imfashanyo ifata ibyemezo, igikoresho cy’abalayiki kugira ngo bagenzure ibidukikije by’ubwiherero, amahame y’ibanze, gahunda y'ibikorwa n'udupapuro (BGS et al, 2007) .
Intego zo kwiyamamaza zigamije
Intego y'ubukangurambaga ni ugukangurira abantu kumenya uburenganzira bw'abantu mu nzego zose zita ku bana, imyaka yabo n'ubushobozi bwabo bw'umubiri, guhitamo gukoresha umusarani mu mwiherero.Byemejwe nimiryango itandukanye irimo Age Concern Ubwongereza, Carers UK, Fasha abasaza na RCN.Abakangurambaga bavuga ko gusubiza abantu inyuma kuri iki gikorwa cyigenga byazamura ubwigenge no gusubiza mu buzima busanzwe, kugabanya igihe cyo kumara no guteza imbere umugabane.Iyi gahunda ishimangira akamaro k’ibidukikije kimwe n’uburyo bwo kwita ku bana kandi bizafasha mu gihe kizaza cyo gutangiza ibikoresho (BGS et al, 2007).BGS ivuga ko ubukangurambaga buzaha abakomiseri, abayobozi bakuru n'abagenzuzi ingamba zifatika n'imiyoborere myiza.Sosiyete ivuga ko ibikorwa by'ibitaro bikunze 'kugabanuka'。
Kwinjira: Abantu bose, imyaka yabo nubushobozi bwabo bwumubiri, bagomba gushobora guhitamo no gukoresha umusarani mwiherero, kandi ibikoresho bihagije bigomba kuboneka kugirango ubigereho.
Igihe gikwiye: Abantu bakeneye ubufasha bagomba kuba basaba kandi bakakira ubufasha bwihuse kandi bwihuse, kandi ntibagomba gusigara kuri komode cyangwa kuryama igihe kirekire kuruta ibikenewe。
Ibikoresho byo kwimura no gutambuka: Ibikoresho byingenzi kugirango umuntu agere ku musarani bigomba kuboneka byoroshye kandi bigakoreshwa muburyo bwubaha icyubahiro cyumurwayi kandi birinda kwerekanwa utabishaka.
Umutekano: Abantu badashobora gukoresha umusarani bonyine mumutekano bagomba guhabwa uburenganzira bwo gukoresha umusarani ufite ibikoresho byumutekano bikwiye kandi bakagenzurwa nibikenewe.
Guhitamo: Guhitamo abarwayi / abakiriya nibyingenzi;ibitekerezo byabo bigomba gushakishwa no kubahwa.Ibanga: Ibanga n'icyubahiro bigomba kubikwa;abantu bahambiriye ku buriri bakeneye kwitabwaho bidasanzwe.
Isuku: Ubwiherero bwose, ibicuruzwa hamwe nigitanda bigomba kuba bifite isuku.
Isuku: Abantu bose mubice byose bagomba kuba bashoboye kuva mumusarani bafite isuku kandi bakaraba intoki.
Ururimi rwiyubashye: Ibiganiro n'abantu bigomba kubahwa no kugira ikinyabupfura, cyane cyane kubijyanye n'ibice byo kutanyurwa.
Igenzura ry’ibidukikije: Amashyirahamwe yose agomba gushishikariza abalayiki gukora igenzura kugirango basuzume ubwiherero.
Kubaha icyubahiro n’ibanga ry’abarwayi bakuze, bamwe muri bo bakaba ari abanyantege nke muri sosiyete.Ivuga ko abakozi rimwe na rimwe birengagiza ibyifuzo byo gukoresha umusarani, kubwira abantu gutegereza cyangwa gukoresha udukariso twa incontinence, cyangwa gusiga abantu badafite amazi cyangwa ubutaka.Ubushakashatsi bwakozwe bwerekana konti ikurikira yumuntu ukuze: 'Simbizi.Bakora ibishoboka byose ariko babuze ibikoresho byibanze nkibitanda na kode.Hano hari ubuzima bwite.Nigute ushobora gufatwa n'icyubahiro uryamye muri koridoro y'ibitaro? '(Icyubahiro n'Umushinga w'Abanyaburayi bakuze, 2007).Inyuma y’imiryango ifunze ni kimwe mu bikorwa bigari bya BGS 'Icyubahiro' bigamije kumenyesha abantu bakuze uburenganzira bwabo bwa muntu muri uru rwego, mu gihe bigisha kandi bikagira ingaruka ku bashinzwe kwita ku barwayi ndetse n’abafata ibyemezo.Abakangurambaga barateganya gukoresha uburyo bwo kugera ku musarani ndetse n’ubushobozi bwo kubikoresha inyuma y’umuryango ufunze nk’igipimo cyingenzi cy’icyubahiro n’uburenganzira bwa muntu mu batishoboye.
Imiterere ya politiki
Gahunda ya NHS (Ishami ry’ubuzima, 2000) yashimangiye akamaro ko 'kubona ibyingenzi neza' no kunoza uburambe bw’abarwayi.Essence of Care, yatangijwe mu 2001 nyuma ivugururwa, itanga igikoresho cyo gufasha abimenyereza gufata inzira yibanda ku barwayi kandi bafite gahunda yo gusangira no kugereranya imyitozo (Ikigo cya NHS Modernization Agency, 2003).Abarwayi, abarezi ninzobere bakoranye kugirango bumvikane kandi basobanure ubuvuzi bwiza kandi bwiza.Ibi byavuyemo ibipimo bikubiyemo ibice umunani byitaweho, harimo umugabane, uruhago no kwita ku mara, no kwihererana n’icyubahiro (NHS Modernization Agency, 2003).Icyakora, BGS ivuga inyandiko ya DH ivuga ku ishyirwa mu bikorwa ry’imikorere y’abakozi bakuze (Philp na DH, 2006), yavugaga ko mu gihe ivangura ry’imyaka ridasanzwe ari gake muri gahunda y’ubuvuzi, hakiriho imyumvire mibi n’imyitwarire mibi ku bakuze. abantu.Iyi nyandiko yasabye guteza imbere abayobozi bamenyekana cyangwa bitwa abayobozi bashingiye kumyitozo yubuforomo bazabazwa kubahiriza icyubahiro cyabasaza cyubahwa.Raporo y’ishuri rikuru ry’abaganga rya raporo y’ubugenzuzi bw’igihugu bukomeza kwita ku bageze mu za bukuru yasanze abakorera mu bigo nderabuzima bumva bafite icyizere cyo kwihererana no kubahwa neza (ubuvuzi bw'ibanze 94%; ibitaro 88%; ubuvuzi bwo mu mutwe 97%; n'inzu zita ku barwayi 99) %) (Wagg et al, 2006).Icyakora, abanditsi bongeyeho ko bishimishije kumenya niba abarwayi / abakoresha bemeranijwe n'iri suzuma, bagaragaza ko 'bitangaje' ko serivisi nkeya ari zo zagize uruhare mu matsinda y'abakoresha (ubuvuzi bw'ibanze 27%; ibitaro 22%; ubuvuzi bwo mu mutwe) 16%; n'inzu zita ku 24%).Ubugenzuzi bwashimangiye ko mu gihe ibyiringiro byinshi byatangaje ko bifite ubushobozi bwo gucunga umugabane, ikigaragara ni uko 'kwita ku bantu bitarenze ibipimo byifuzwa kandi ko inyandiko mbi bivuze ko benshi badafite uburyo bwo kumenya ibitagenda neza'.Yashimangiye ko hari ingero nyinshi zitaruye z’imikorere myiza n’impamvu zifatika zo kwishimira ingaruka z’ubugenzuzi mu kuzamura imyumvire n’ubuvuzi.
Ibikoresho byo kwiyamamaza
Hagati muri gahunda ya BGS ni urutonde rwibipimo 10 kugirango ubuzima bwite bwabantu nubahwe bikomeze (reba agasanduku, p23).Ibipimo bikubiyemo ibice bikurikira: kwinjira;kugihe;ibikoresho byo kwimura no gutambuka;umutekano;guhitamo;ubuzima bwite;isuku;isuku;ururimi rwiyubashye;n'ubugenzuzi bushingiye ku bidukikije.Igitabo gikubiyemo infashanyo yo gufata umusarani wenyine.Ibi birerekana urwego rutandatu rwimikorere ninzego zumutekano zo gukoresha umusarani wenyine, hamwe nibyifuzo kuri buri rwego rwimikorere numutekano.Kurugero, kumurwayi cyangwa umukiriya uryamye ku buriri kandi ukeneye guteganya uruhago no gucunga amara, urwego rwumutekano rusobanurwa nk 'umutekano muke kwicara hamwe ninkunga'.Kuri aba barwayi, infashanyo ifata ibyemezo irasaba gukoresha igitanda cyangwa gahunda yo kwimura urukiramende muri gahunda yo kuvura uruhago cyangwa amara, kugirango harebwe ibizamini bihagije hamwe n’ibimenyetso 'Ntugahungabanye'.Imfashanyo ifata ibyemezo ivuga ko gukoresha ibicuruzwa bishobora kuba byiza mu cyumba kimwe cyuzuye mu rugo cyangwa mu kigo cyita ku barwayi iyo bikoreshejwe mu mwiherero, kandi ko niba hagomba gukoreshwa izamuka hagomba gufatwa ingamba zose zo kwiyoroshya.Igikoresho cyabalayiki kugirango bakore igenzura ryibidukikije ryubwiherero ahantu hose harimo ibibazo bitandukanye birimo aho umusarani, ubugari bwumuryango, niba umuryango ushobora gukingurwa no gufungwa byoroshye kandi bifunze, ibikoresho bifasha kandi niba impapuro zumusarani ziri imbere byoroshye kugera iyo wicaye kumusarani.Ubukangurambaga bwateguye gahunda y'ibikorwa kuri buri tsinda rinini rigamije: abakozi b'ibitaro / kwita ku rugo;ibitaro / kwita ku bayobozi b'urugo;abafata ibyemezo n'ababishinzwe;n'abaturage n'abarwayi.Ubutumwa bw'ingenzi ku bitaro no kwita ku bakozi bo mu rugo ni ubu bukurikira: l Kwemeza ibipimo by'imiryango ifunze;2 Subiramo imyitozo inyuranyije n'aya mahame;Gushyira mu bikorwa impinduka mu bikorwa kugira ngo bigerweho;3 Kora udupapuro tuboneka.
Umwanzuro
Guteza imbere icyubahiro no kubaha abarwayi nigice cyingenzi cyubuvuzi bwiza.Ubu bukangurambaga butanga ibikoresho byingirakamaro hamwe nubuyobozi bufasha abakozi b’ubuforomo kunoza ibipimo bitandukanye byitaweho.
Igihe cyo kohereza: Jun-11-2022